for Digestive Health and Immune Support

IgG Plus® is a protein-based (>90%) dietary supplement containing over 50% (w/w) immunoglobulins that helps support digestive function and a healthy mucosal immune system.

The protein mixture found in IgG Plus® is serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) and is manufactured using a tightly-controlled and highly reproducible process at an FDA-inspected facility. Research studies provide evidence that the diversity of immunoglobulins and proteins found in IgG Plus® are safe and help improve digestive health and nutritional status by decreasing immune activation through mechanisms that involve antigen binding and strengthening gut barrier function.

IgG Plus® has emerged as a unique alternative to bovine colostrum for the support of healthy digestion and immune function. What follows in this paper is a series of frequently asked questions about IgG Plus® that dietary supplement manufactures may find useful.

HEALTHY DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS, GI DISTRESS AND BUILDING IMMUNITY

A healthy digestive system breaks down foods and liquids into carbohydrates, fats, and proteins so the body can absorb them as nutrients for growth and energy. It also contains much of the body’s immune system, protecting against pathogens or other toxic substances consumed in food or water.

As with all complicated systems, the human digestive tract doesn’t always run smoothly. Problems caused by genetics, pathogenic microbes, or dysregulation of the immune system may cause gastrointestinal (GI) distress, resulting in symptoms such as bloating, abdominal pain, gas or diarrhea.

A way to support a healthy GI system is to consume active immune factors from another immunologically ‘mature’ individual, and is best documented through the ingestion of breast milk containing high levels of immunoglobu- lins by a newborn infant (1).

for Digestive Health and Immune Support

IgG Plus® is a protein-based (>90%) dietary supplement containing over 50% (w/w) immunoglobulins that helps support digestive function and a healthy mucosal immune system.

The protein mixture found in IgG Plus® is serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) and is manufactured using a tightly-controlled and highly reproducible process at an FDA-inspected facility. Research studies provide evidence that the diversity of immunoglobulins and proteins found in IgG Plus® are safe and help improve digestive health and nutritional status by decreasing immune activation through mechanisms that involve antigen binding and strengthening gut barrier function.

IgG Plus® has emerged as a unique alternative to bovine colostrum for the support of healthy digestion and immune function. What follows in this paper is a series of frequently asked questions about IgG Plus® that dietary supplement manufactures may find useful.

HEALTHY DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS, GI DISTRESS AND BUILDING IMMUNITY

A healthy digestive system breaks down foods and liquids into carbohydrates, fats, and proteins so the body can absorb them as nutrients for growth and energy. It also contains much of the body’s immune system, protecting against pathogens or other toxic substances consumed in food or water.

As with all complicated systems, the human digestive tract doesn’t always run smoothly. Problems caused by genetics, pathogenic microbes, or dysregulation of the immune system may cause gastrointestinal (GI) distress, resulting in symptoms such as bloating, abdominal pain, gas or diarrhea.

A way to support a healthy GI system is to consume active immune factors from another immunologically ‘mature’ individual, and is best documented through the ingestion of breast milk containing high levels of immunoglobu- lins by a newborn infant (1).

 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS 

What is

IgG Plus® is the branded ingredient serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) (*ImmunoLin®). SBI is an agglomerated powder purified from edible bovine plasma using a tightly-controlled cGMP manufacturing process at an FDA-inspected facility.

*Immunolin® is a registered trademark of Entera Health, Inc. This product is dairy, gluten and GMO free.

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What is the
composition of SBI?

SBI is comprised of over 90% protein and consists of more than 50% immunoglobulins, other peptides and growth factors found naturally in milk or colostrum. Proteomics techniques have identified over 180 unique proteins in SBI.

What are the functional
health benefits of SBI?

The following benefits of SBI have been observed in both animal and human studies:

SBI Supports Digestive/Gut Health. Immunoglobulin-containing serum protein preparations (like SBI) have been shown to consistently improve food intake and other nutritional parameters in a variety of animal species (3). Torrallardona (4) summarized the results from over 70 animal studies showing that immunoglobulin-containing plasma protein preparations (like SBI) ledto improvements in caloric intake and metabolism of nutrients following supplementation in healthy animals. This research has led to the extensive use of plasma protein isolates as an animal feed component since the 1980’s to support and maintain health of weanling domesticated animals (5).

SBI Supports Healthy Gut Barrier Function. Animal models have been utilized to assess the effect of SBI on supporting gut barrier function. In a rodent model of intestinal inflammation SBI supplementation prevented unwanted changes to specific markers of gut barrier function.(6). In another study, of intestinal inflammation mice supplemented with SBI maintained colon mucosal height, cecal stromal structure, and colonic glandular tissue, when compared to mice treated similarly but supplemented with a placebo protein (7).

SBI Helps Maintain Intestinal Homeostasis. Intestinal homeostasis refers to the overall “balance” of a functioning, healthy intestinal tract, and is critical for optimal nutrient utilization and immune function.

SBI helps maintain intestinal homeostasis by supporting digestive function and maintaining a healthy mucosal immune system through mechanisms that involve antigen binding and strengthening gut barrier function (see previous question, “How does SBI work?” for more information). Human clinical studies have illustrated the nutritive effect of SBI supplementation on intestinal homeostasis (8, 9, 10).

SBI Maintains Immune Support. Animal models and human studies have evaluated the effect of SBI on intestinal immune function. Perez-Bosque and colleagues studied intestinal inflammation in mice and found SBI supplementation led to significant decreases in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in gut mucosal tissue, while simultaneously increased levels of certain anti-inflammatory peptides (11). In another study involving mice, SBI resulted in significantly lower concentrations of serum markers for acute gut inflammation and epithelium damage (7). Plasma immunoglobulin concentrates (like SBI) have also been shown to support the health status of pigs that were experimentally infected with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 (12).

In an open-label human clinical study, subjects given SBI had increased CD4+ counts in the duodenum (9). In a larger multicenter, placebo-controlled follow-up study (10), SBI led to significant increases in peripheral CD4+ cells, when compared to placebo-controlled subjects. The same study found significant decreases in circulating levels of interleukin-6 (a proinflammatory cytokine) and markers of intestinal barrier damage and enterocyte death in subjects who received SBI.

 

How does it work?

The mechanism by which immunoglobulins and other bioactive peptides found in SBI help to maintain gut barrier function is believed to involve the direct binding of microbial components found naturally in the digestive tract. In vitro studies have demonstrated that SBI binds to many potentially toxic microbial antigens that appear normally in the intestinal tract (see list of microbial components proven to bind to SBI in Table 1).

These microbial antigens (e.g. bacterial endotoxin) are present in the intestinal tract due to the normal breakdown and turnover of resident bacteria and/or result from the consumption of contaminated food or water. These molecules (microbial antigens) have the potential to activate the intestinal immune system if they pass through a damaged intestinal epithelium. By binding to these microbial antigens (Table 1),
SBI helps to create a complex so large that it has di culty penetrating the intestinal epithelium, allowing instead for the antigenic complex to remain in the intestinal lumen and exit the intestinal tract following normal peristalsis.

To demonstrate this action, Detzel, et al. (2) conducted a study using an in vitro cell culture model to show that binding of antigens by the immunoglobulins in SBI prevented translocation of the antigens across epithelial cells, which in turn avoided the production of in ammatory cytokines by adjacent immune cells. These results suggest that the binding action of immunoglobulins in SBI helps keep toxic antigens within the lumen of the intestinal tract and avoid their absorption into the blood stream, which may help manage gut permeability and immune activation that occur with exposure to such antigens (2).

What data is available to
support the safety of SBI?

Numerous animal and human studies have been conducted to provide evidence of the safety of SBI, including clinical trials involving over 234 subjects and published retrospective chart reviews describing the use of SBI by approximately 298 subjects. In total, over 530 subjects have been exposed to SBI in documented clinical studies for a minimum of 1 day to a maximum of 24 months with doses ranging from 5 g to 20 g per day. There are no known side effects associated with consumption of SBI.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

What is

IgG Plus® is the branded ingredient serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI). SBI is an agglomerated powder purified from edible bovine plasma using a tightly-controlled cGMP manufacturing process at an FDA-inspected facility.

What is the
composition of SBI?

SBI is comprised of over 90% protein and consists of more than 50% immunoglobulins, other peptides and growth factors found naturally in milk or colostrum. Proteomics techniques have identified over 180 unique proteins in SBI.

What are the functional
health benefits of SBI?

The following benefits of SBI have been observed in both animal and human studies:

SBI Supports Digestive/Gut Health. Immunoglobulin-containing serum protein preparations (like SBI) have been shown to consistently improve food intake and other nutritional parameters in a variety of animal species (3). Torrallardona (4) summarized the results from over 70 animal studies showing that immunoglobulin-containing plasma protein preparations (like SBI) ledto improvements in caloric intake and metabolism of nutrients following supplementation in healthy animals. This research has led to the extensive use of plasma protein isolates as an animal feed component since the 1980’s to support and maintain health of weanling domesticated animals (5).

SBI Supports Healthy Gut Barrier Function. Animal models have been utilized to assess the effect of SBI on supporting gut barrier function. In a rodent model of intestinal inflammation SBI supplementation prevented unwanted changes to specific markers of gut barrier function.(6). In another study, of intestinal inflammation mice supplemented with SBI maintained colon mucosal height, cecal stromal structure, and colonic glandular tissue, when compared to mice treated similarly but supplemented with a placebo protein (7).

SBI Helps Maintain Intestinal Homeostasis. Intestinal homeostasis refers to the overall “balance” of a functioning, healthy intestinal tract, and is critical for optimal nutrient utilization and immune function.

SBI helps maintain intestinal homeostasis by supporting digestive function and maintaining a healthy mucosal immune system through mechanisms that involve antigen binding and strengthening gut barrier function (see previous question, “How does SBI work?” for more information). Human clinical studies have illustrated the nutritive effect of SBI supplementation on intestinal homeostasis (8, 9, 10).

SBI Maintains Immune Support. Animal models and human studies have evaluated the effect of SBI on intestinal immune function. Perez-Bosque and colleagues studied intestinal inflammation in mice and found SBI supplementation led to significant decreases in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in gut mucosal tissue, while simultaneously increased levels of certain anti-inflammatory peptides (11). In another study involving mice, SBI resulted in significantly lower concentrations of serum markers for acute gut inflammation and epithelium damage (7). Plasma immunoglobulin concentrates (like SBI) have also been shown to support the health status of pigs that were experimentally infected with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 (12).

In an open-label human clinical study, subjects given SBI had increased CD4+ counts in the duodenum (9). In a larger multicenter, placebo-controlled follow-up study (10), SBI led to significant increases in peripheral CD4+ cells, when compared to placebo-controlled subjects. The same study found significant decreases in circulating levels of interleukin-6 (a proinflammatory cytokine) and markers of intestinal barrier damage and enterocyte death in subjects who received SBI.

How does it work?

The mechanism by which immunoglobulins and other bioactive peptides found in SBI help to maintain gut barrier function is believed to involve the direct binding of microbial components found naturally in the digestive tract. In vitro studies have demonstrated that SBI binds to many potentially toxic microbial antigens that appear normally in the intestinal tract (see list of microbial components proven to bind to SBI in Table 1).

These microbial antigens (e.g. bacterial endotoxin) are present in the intestinal tract due to the normal breakdown and turnover of resident bacteria and/or result from the consumption of contaminated food or water. These molecules (microbial antigens) have the potential to activate the intestinal immune system if they pass through a damaged intestinal epithelium. By binding to these microbial antigens (Table 1),
SBI helps to create a complex so large that it has di culty penetrating the intestinal epithelium, allowing instead for the antigenic complex to remain in the intestinal lumen and exit the intestinal tract following normal peristalsis.

To demonstrate this action, Detzel, et al. (2) conducted a study using an in vitro cell culture model to show that binding of antigens by the immunoglobulins in SBI prevented translocation of the antigens across epithelial cells, which in turn avoided the production of in ammatory cytokines by adjacent immune cells. These results suggest that the binding action of immunoglobulins in SBI helps keep toxic antigens within the lumen of the intestinal tract and avoid their absorption into the blood stream, which may help manage gut permeability and immune activation that occur with exposure to such antigens (2).

What data is available to
support the safety of SBI?

Numerous animal and human studies have been conducted to provide evidence of the safety of SBI, including clinical trials involving over 234 subjects and published retrospective chart reviews describing the use of SBI by approximately 298 subjects. In total, over 530 subjects have been exposed to SBI in documented clinical studies for a minimum of 1 day to a maximum of 24 months with doses ranging from 5 g to 20 g per day. There are no known side effects associated with consumption of SBI.

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REFERENCES

  1. Walker A. Breast milk as the gold standard for protective nutrients. The Journal of pediatrics. 2010;156(2 Suppl):S3-7.
  2. Detzel CJ, Horgan A, Henderson AL, Petschow BW, Warner CD, Maas KJ, et al. Bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate binds pro-in ammatory bacterial compounds and prevents immune activation in an intestinal co-culture model. PloS one. 2015;10(4):e0120278.
  3. Kuchibhatla R, Petschow BW, Odle J, Weaver EM. Nutritional Impact of Dietary Plasma Proteins in Animals Undergoing Experimental Challenge and Implications for Patients with In ammatory Bowel Disorders: A Meta- analysis. Adv Nutr. 2015;6(5):541-51.
  4. Torrallardona D. Spray dried animal plasma as an alternative to antibiotics in weanling pigs – A review. Asian-Australasian J Anim Sci. 2010;23((1)):131-48.
  5. Co ey RD, Cromwell GL. Use of spray-dried animal plasma in diets for weanling pigs. Pig News and Information. 2001;22((2)):39N-48N.
  6. Perez-Bosque A, Miro L, Maijo M, Polo J, Campbell J, Russell L, et al. Dietary intervention with serum-derived bovine immunoglobulins protects barrier function in a mouse model of colitis. American journal of physiology Gastrointestinal and liver physiology. 2015;308(12):G1012-8.
  7. Henderson AL, Brand MW, Darling RJ, Maas KJ, Detzel CJ, Hostetter J, et al. Attenuation of Colitis by Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin/Protein Isolate in a De ned Microbiota Mouse Model. Digestive diseases and sciences. 2015;60(11):3293-303.
  8. Wilson D, Evans MD, Weaver E, Shaw AL, Klein GL. Evaluation of Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin Protein Isolate in Subjects with Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Clinical Medicine Insights: Gastroenterology. 2013;6:49-60.
  9. Asmuth DM, Ma ZM, Albanese A, Sandler NG, Devaraj S, Knight TH, et al. Oral Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin Improves Duodenal Immune Reconstitution and Absorption Function in Patients with HIV Enteropathy. Aids. 2013;27:2207-17.
  10. Asmuth DM, Somsouk M, Hunt P, Ma ZM, Miller CL, X.D., Hinkle J, et al. Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin Protein Isolate Increases Peripheral and Mucosal CD4+ T-cell counts in Patients with HIV Enteropathy. 8th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention (AIDS 2015); MOAA02; Vancouver, Canada 19-22 July: http://www.ias2015.org/WebContent/File/IAS_2015__MED2.pdf; 2015.
  11. Perez-Bosque A, Miro L, Maijo M, Polo J, Campbell JM, Russell L, et al. Oral Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin/Protein Isolate Has Immunomodulatory E ects on the Colon of Mice that Spontaneously Develop Colitis. PloS one. 2016;11(5):e0154823.
  12. Bosi P, Casini L, Finamore A, Cremokolini C, Merialdi G, Trevisi P, et al. Spray-dried plasma improves growth performance and reduces in ammatory status of weaned pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88. Journal of animal science. 2004;82(6):1764-72.
  13. Generally Regarded As Safe (GRAS) [Available from: https://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/ GRAS/ default.htm.
  14. Agency response letter to GRAS noti cation GRN 000255 [Available from: https://www.fda.gov/Food/ IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GRAS/NoticeInventory/ucm154991.htm.
  15. Brandtzaeg P, Pabst R. Let’s go mucosal: communication on slippery ground. Trends in immunology. 2004;25(11):570-7.
  16. Conley ME, Delacroix DL. Intravascular and mucosal immunoglobulin A: two separate but related systems of immune defense? Annals of internal medicine. 1987;106(6):892-9.
  17. For more information please submit an inquiry on our website: www.extremeimmunity.com
  18. Statements made on this website have not been evaluated by the FDA and are for informational purposes only. They are not intended to diagnose, treat or cure any illness or disease. Consult your physician, naturopath, chiropractor or holistic doctor if you have any questions related to how Extreme Immunity can work as part of your overall health plan. Extreme Immunity’s natural dietary supplement for the immune system is manufactured and packaged under the strictest quality control measures in the United States.

REFERENCES

  1. Walker A. Breast milk as the gold standard for protective nutrients. The Journal of pediatrics. 2010;156(2 Suppl):S3-7.
  2. Detzel CJ, Horgan A, Henderson AL, Petschow BW, Warner CD, Maas KJ, et al. Bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate binds pro-in ammatory bacterial compounds and prevents immune activation in an intestinal co-culture model. PloS one. 2015;10(4):e0120278.
  3. Kuchibhatla R, Petschow BW, Odle J, Weaver EM. Nutritional Impact of Dietary Plasma Proteins in Animals Undergoing Experimental Challenge and Implications for Patients with In ammatory Bowel Disorders: A Meta- analysis. Adv Nutr. 2015;6(5):541-51.
  4. Torrallardona D. Spray dried animal plasma as an alternative to antibiotics in weanling pigs – A review. Asian-Australasian J Anim Sci. 2010;23((1)):131-48.
  5. Co ey RD, Cromwell GL. Use of spray-dried animal plasma in diets for weanling pigs. Pig News and Information. 2001;22((2)):39N-48N.
  6. Perez-Bosque A, Miro L, Maijo M, Polo J, Campbell J, Russell L, et al. Dietary intervention with serum-derived bovine immunoglobulins protects barrier function in a mouse model of colitis. American journal of physiology Gastrointestinal and liver physiology. 2015;308(12):G1012-8.
  7. Henderson AL, Brand MW, Darling RJ, Maas KJ, Detzel CJ, Hostetter J, et al. Attenuation of Colitis by Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin/Protein Isolate in a De ned Microbiota Mouse Model. Digestive diseases and sciences. 2015;60(11):3293-303.
  8. Wilson D, Evans MD, Weaver E, Shaw AL, Klein GL. Evaluation of Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin Protein Isolate in Subjects with Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Clinical Medicine Insights: Gastroenterology. 2013;6:49-60.
  9. Asmuth DM, Ma ZM, Albanese A, Sandler NG, Devaraj S, Knight TH, et al. Oral Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin Improves Duodenal Immune Reconstitution and Absorption Function in Patients with HIV Enteropathy. Aids. 2013;27:2207-17.
  10. Asmuth DM, Somsouk M, Hunt P, Ma ZM, Miller CL, X.D., Hinkle J, et al. Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin Protein Isolate Increases Peripheral and Mucosal CD4+ T-cell counts in Patients with HIV Enteropathy. 8th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention (AIDS 2015); MOAA02; Vancouver, Canada 19-22 July: http://www.ias2015.org/WebContent/File/IAS_2015__MED2.pdf; 2015.
  11. Perez-Bosque A, Miro L, Maijo M, Polo J, Campbell JM, Russell L, et al. Oral Serum-Derived Bovine Immunoglobulin/Protein Isolate Has Immunomodulatory E ects on the Colon of Mice that Spontaneously Develop Colitis. PloS one. 2016;11(5):e0154823.
  12. Bosi P, Casini L, Finamore A, Cremokolini C, Merialdi G, Trevisi P, et al. Spray-dried plasma improves growth performance and reduces in ammatory status of weaned pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88. Journal of animal science. 2004;82(6):1764-72.
  13. Generally Regarded As Safe (GRAS) [Available from: https://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/ GRAS/ default.htm.
  14. Agency response letter to GRAS noti cation GRN 000255 [Available from: https://www.fda.gov/Food/ IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GRAS/NoticeInventory/ucm154991.htm.
  15. Brandtzaeg P, Pabst R. Let’s go mucosal: communication on slippery ground. Trends in immunology. 2004;25(11):570-7.
  16. Conley ME, Delacroix DL. Intravascular and mucosal immunoglobulin A: two separate but related systems of immune defense? Annals of internal medicine. 1987;106(6):892-9.
  17. For more information please submit an inquiry on our website: www.extremeimmunity.com
  18. Statements made on this website have not been evaluated by the FDA and are for informational purposes only. They are not intended to diagnose, treat or cure any illness or disease. Consult your physician, naturopath, chiropractor or holistic doctor if you have any questions related to how Extreme Immunity can work as part of your overall health plan. Extreme Immunity’s natural dietary supplement for the immune system is manufactured and packaged under the strictest quality control measures in the United States.

Statements made on this website have not been evaluated by the FDA and are for informational purposes only. They are not intended to diagnose, treat or cure any illness or disease. Consult your physician, naturopath, chiropractor or holistic doctor if you have any questions related to how Extreme Immunity can work as part of your overall health plan. Extreme Immunity's natural dietary supplement for the immune system is manufactured and packaged under the strictest quality control measures in the United States.